Square Precision Pinholes
![](https://www.thorlabs.us/Images/GuideImages/14494_Square_Pinholes_1.jpg)
- Precision Pinholes in Blackened Stainless Steel Foils
- Mounted in Ø1" Disks
- Pinhole Sizes from 100 μm to 1 mm Square
S100QK
S200QK
S1000QK
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Apertures Selection Guide |
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Single Precision Pinholes |
Circular in Stainless Steel Foils |
Circular in Stainless Steel Foils, Vacuum Compatible |
Circular in Gold-Plated Copper Foils |
Circular in Tungsten Foils |
Circular in Molybdenum Foils |
Square in Stainless Steel Foils |
Pinhole Kits |
Pinhole Wheels |
Manual |
Motorized |
Pinhole Spatial Filter |
Slits |
Annular Apertures |
Half-Aperture Foils for Knife-Edge Scans |
Alignment Tools |
Features
- Square Pinhole Sizes from 100 µm to 1 mm
- Stainless Steel Foils with Black-Oxide Conversion Coating
- Radius of Curvature of the Corners: ≤5 µm
- Mounted in Ø1" Black-Anodized-Aluminum Housings
Single, mounted, precision square pinholes offer small optical apertures for applications with a small field of view, such as direct imaging of samples or creating a digital hologram. Square pinholes allow for increased sensitivity due to more efficient tiling compared to circular pinholes. The pinholes offered here use stainless steel foils with a black-oxide conversion coating, are available in sizes from 100 µm to 1 mm, and are mounted in Ø1" black-anodized-aluminum housings.
Precision Pinhole Options
Thorlabs' precision pinholes are available with an assortment of fabrication materials and coatings. The choice of a particular size and material should depend on the application. Low-power applications may benefit more from the absorbance of our blackened stainless steel foils, which are offered in anodized-aluminum housings, or our stainless steel foils with a black PVD coating, which are offered in vacuum-compatible stainless steel housings. High-power applications may need the high damage threshold and reflectance of gold-plated copper foils, the high melting point and lower reflectance of our tungsten foils, or the high melting point of our molybdenum foils paired with the low reflectance (4% @ 800 nm) of their black-coated front side. Please see the Foil Comparison and Graph tabs for more information.
In addition to single pinholes, Thorlabs also offers pinhole wheels that contain 16 radially-spaced pinholes that are lithographically etched onto a chrome-plated fused silica substrate. These wheels allow the user to test multiple pinhole sizes within a setup.
If you do not see what you need among our stock pinhole and slit offerings, it is possible to special order pinholes and slits that are made with different foil materials, have different hole sizes and shapes, incorporate multiple holes in one foil, or provide different hole configurations. Customized pinhole housings are also available. Please contact Tech Support to discuss your specific needs.
Upon request, these pinholes are available with item-specific test reports at an additional cost. Please contact Tech Support for details.
Item # | Pinhole Size |
Pinhole Dimensional Tolerance |
Radius of Curvature of Pinhole Corners |
Foil Thickness |
Pinhole Material |
Housing Material |
Housing Size |
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S100QK | 100 µm x 100 µm | ±4 µm | ≤5 µm | 50 µm | 300 Series Stainless Steel, Black-Oxide Conversion Coating |
6061-T6 Aluminum | Ø1" |
S200QK | 200 µm x 200 µm | ±6 µm | |||||
S500QK | 500 µm x 500 µm | ±10 µm | |||||
S1000QK | 1000 µm x 1000 µm |
Precision Pinhole and Optical Slit Selection Guide | |||||
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Material | Product | ||||
Blackened Stainless Steel | Circular Precision Pinholes | ||||
Square Precision Pinholes | |||||
Optical Slits | |||||
Stainless Steel with PVD Black Coating |
Circular Precision Pinholes | ||||
Gold-Plated Copper Foil (Rear) and PVD Black Coating (Front) |
Circular Precision Pinholes | ||||
Tungsten Foil | Circular Precision Pinholes | ||||
Molybdenum Foil (Rear) and Absorptive Polymer Coating (Front) |
Circular Precision Pinholes |
Precision Pinholes and Slits
Thorlabs offers precision pinholes with blackened stainless steel, gold-plated copper, tungsten, or molybdenum foils. Our pinholes with stainless steel foils are blackened on both sides for increased absorbance and are available from stock in circles from Ø1 µm to Ø9 mm and squares from 100 µm x 100 µm to 1 mm x 1 mm. Our stainless steel pinholes with a black PVD coating are vacuum compatible and available in 5 μm to 2 mm diameters. Our pinholes with gold-plated copper foils, plated with gold on one side and black PVD coated on the reverse, are available with pinhole diameters from 5 µm to 2 mm. Our pinholes with tungsten foils are uncoated and available with pinhole diameters from 5 µm to 2 mm. Lastly, our pinholes with molybdenum foils have an absorptive polymer coating on the front sides and are available with pinhole diameters from 5 µm to 2 mm. We also offer slits in blackened stainless steel foils from stock with slit widths from 5 to 200 µm.
If you do not see what you need among our stock pinhole and slit offerings, it is also possible to special order pinholes and slits that are made with different foil materials, have different hole sizes and shapes, incorporatoles in one foil, or provide different hole configurations. Please contact Tech Support to discuss your specific needs. For more information on the properties of the bulk materials from which the pinholes are fabricated, see the table below.
Material Properties
Depending on the application, it can be important to consider the material properties of the pinhole or slit. The material used to construct the aperture can have varying levels of melting point, density, and thermal conductivity, as detailed in the table below.
Material Properties | ||||
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Material | 300 Series Stainless Steela | Copperb | Tungsten | Molybdenumc |
Melting Point | 1390 - 1450 °C | 1085 °C | 3422 °C | 2623 °C |
Density | 8.03 g/cm3 | 8.96 g/cm3 | 19.25 g/cm3 | 10.28 g/cm3 |
Brinell Hardness | 170 MPa | 878 MPa | 2570 MPa | 1500 MPa |
Damage Thresholdd (10 ns Pulse, 1 kHz @ 355 nm) | 1.54 MW/mm2 | 4.82 MW/mm2 | 9.39 MW/mm2 | 6.34 MW/mm2 |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 16.2 (µm/m)/°C | 16.7 (µm/m)/°C | 4.5 (µm/m)/°C | 5.0 (µm/m)/°C |
Specific Heat @ 20 °C | 485 J/(K*kg) | 385 J/(K*kg) | 134 J/(K*kg) | 250 J/(K*kg) |
Thermal Conductivity | 16.2 W/(m*K) | 401 W/(m*K) | 173 W/(m*K) | 138 W/(m*K) |
Thermal Diffusivity @ 300 K | 3.1 mm2/s | 111 mm2/s | 80 mm2/s | 54.3 mm2/s |
Reflectance
The reflectance of the foil material or coating affects performance in a variety of applications. Below is presented a reflectance graph for all the materials and coatings that are offered with our circular and square precision pinholes, as well as our mounted optical slits. The raw reflectance data can be found here.
It is important to note that the front of the gold-plated copper foil circular precision pinholes have a low-reflectance PVD black coating. The rear of these pinholes leaves the gold-plated copper foil bare. This also occurs on the molybdenum foil circular precision pinholes, which have a low-reflectance absorptive polymer coating on the front and the molybdenum foil is left bare on the back.
Reflectance Graph
Below is presented a reflectance graph for the blackened stainless steel on the square precision pinholes. The raw reflectance data can be found here.
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Apertures Selection Guide | |||
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Aperture Type | Representative Image (Click to Enlarge) |
Description | Aperture Sizes Available from Stocka |
Single Precision Pinholesa |
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Circular Pinholes in Stainless Steel Foils | Ø1 µm to Ø9 mm |
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Circular Pinholes in Stainless Steel Foils, Vacuum Compatible |
Ø5 µm to Ø2 mm | |
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Circular Pinholes in Gold-Plated Copper Foils | Ø5 µm to Ø2 mm | |
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Circular Pinholes in Gold-Plated Copper Foils with High-Power Housings |
Ø5 µm to Ø500 µm | |
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Circular Pinholes in Tungsten Foils | Ø5 µm to Ø2 mm | |
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Circular Pinholes in Molybdenum Foils | Ø5 µm to Ø2 mm | |
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Square Pinholes in Stainless Steel Foils | 100 to 1000 µm Square | |
Slitsa | ![]() |
Slits in Stainless Steel Foils | 3 mm Slit Lengths: 5 to 500 µm Widths 10 mm Slit Lengths: 20 to 500 µm Widths |
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Double Slits in Stainless Steel Foils | 3 mm Slit Lengths with 40, 50, or 100 µm Widths, Spacing of 3X or 6X the Slit Width |
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Half-Apertures | ![]() |
Mounted, Half-Aperture Foils | Half-Apertures for Knife-Edge Scan Measurements |
Annular Apertures | ![]() |
Annular Aperture Obstruction Targets on Quartz Substrates with Chrome Masks |
Ø1 mm Apertures with ε Ratiosb from 0.05 to 0.85 Ø2 mm Aperture with ε Ratiob of 0.85 |
Pinhole Wheels | ![]() |
Manual, Mounted, Chrome-Plated Fused Silica Disks with Lithographically Etched Pinholes |
Each Disk has 16 Pinholes from Ø25 µm to Ø2 mm and Four Annular Apertures (Ø100 µm Hole, 50 µm Obstruction) |
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Motorized Pinhole Wheels with Chrome-Plated Glass Disks with Lithographically Etched Pinholes |
Each Disk has 16 Pinholes from Ø25 µm to Ø2 mm and Four Annular Apertures (Ø100 µm Hole, 50 µm Obstruction) |
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Pinhole Kits | ![]() |
Stainless Steel Precision Pinhole Kits | Kits of Ten Circular Pinholes in Stainless Steel Foils Covering Ø5 µm to Ø9 mm |